Domino is a game with many variations and can be played by two or more players. It involves placing tiles on a table edge to edge so that their matching ends touch. The value of a tile is determined by its arrangement of spots, or pips.
Standing domino upright creates potential energy and when it falls, this energy is converted to kinetic energy. These energy changes are what makes the chain reaction of dominoes work.
Rules
There are many different rules for domino games. Some are very complex, and others are simple. The most common are blocking and scoring. There are also some variations that make the game more interesting, such as solitaire domino.
The first player begins by drawing a domino from the stock. This domino is placed on the table, and the players take turns matching their open ends to parts of it. A chain is formed, and the players continue taking turns until one player cannot play anymore.
When this happens, all of the remaining dominoes are counted. The winning player subtracts the value of their opponents’ remaining dominoes from their own, and scores the resulting amount.
The winner of the hand then starts the next hand. The seating arrangement may be determined by drawing lots or by a pre-determined method. The winner of the previous hand typically seats himself to his left. If no player can make a play, the winning player draws from the boneyard until they find a domino they can match.
Materials
Dominoes are typically made from wood or plastic, but other materials have also been used. In the early 19th century, dominoes were made from bone or ivory. Later, they were made from tinplate or a type of plastic called bakelite. However, production of ivory dominoes has remained illegal since 1990.
There are two different types of domino: the basic variant that’s inexpensive and can be used in classrooms to make a photo mosaic, or high-end wood domino that requires a true craftsman to create. The latter are often considered works of art, and they command a much higher price tag.
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Variations
Regardless of the variant played, most domino games have the same basic rules. Players take turns laying single dominoes in a line. Each must match the value on one end of their domino to that on the next domino in the line. If they can’t match the value of a domino, they pass their turn.
Each domino has a line that divides it visually into two squares, each marked with an arrangement of spots (known as pips) or blank. The squares that contain pips indicate the domino’s value, from six pips down to none or blank.
As each domino is pushed, its potential energy converts to kinetic energy and causes it to knock over the next domino. This continues until all the dominoes have fallen. The same principle applies to other natural systems. For example, one species may have a profound effect on many others in the ecosystem, often disproportionate to its own abundance. This is known as a keystone species.
Scoring
There are many different ways to determine who makes the first play of a domino game. You can draw lots, assign a seating arrangement, or begin the game with the heaviest domino. You can also decide to make the winner of the previous game make the first play of the next game.
A player scores points by laying the dominoes end to end so that their exposed ends match: one’s touch two’s, for example. The total number of dots on the exposed ends must be a multiple of five. Blanks count as zero points.
At the end of a hand, the players subtract their own totals from the values of the remaining dominoes in their opponents’ hands, usually rounded to the nearest five. The player with the lowest score wins the game. Depending on the game-type, rounds are played until a predetermined point limit is reached. Typically this is 150 points or more. Sometimes no players can advance their hands and a stalemate results.
